ʻO nā insulators nā mea i hoʻokomo ʻia ma waena o nā conductors me nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole a i ʻole ma waena o nā conductors a me nā ʻāpana hiki i ka honua, hiki ke kū i ka volta a me ke kaumaha mechanical.
ʻElua kuleana kumu o nā insulators i ka ʻōnaehana mana: ʻo kekahi ke kākoʻo i nā conductors a me ke kaumaha mechanical;ʻO ka lua, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ke kahe mai ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻi ʻana i ka lepo ma waena o nā conductors me nā mana like ʻole a kū i ka hopena o ka volta.Hoʻohui ʻia me nā mea pono e hoʻoponopono i ka conductor ma luna o ka hale kiaʻi a hilinaʻi i ka insulate mai ka hale kiaʻi.I ka wā o ka hana, ʻaʻole pono ka insulator i ka volta hana wale nō, akā ʻo ka overvoltage hana a me ka overvoltage uila.Eia kekahi, pono e loaʻa i ka insulator ka hana hoʻoheheʻe uila maikaʻi ma muli o ke kaumaha make o ka conductor, ka ikaika makani, ka hau a me ka hau a me ka ukana mechanical o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahana o ke kaiapuni, I ka manawa like, e lawa ka ikaika mechanical.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā insulators
1. E like me nā mea hoʻokalakupua no ka hana ʻana i nā insulators, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i nā insulators porcelain, nā insulators aniani, nā insulators synthetic a me nā insulators semiconductor.
2. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano haʻihaʻi a me ke ʻano hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka pōkole pōkole loa i ka insulator ma lalo o ka hapalua o ka mamao flashover i ka ea waho.
3. E like me ke ano o ka hana, hiki ke maheleia i kolamu (pou) insulator, hookui insulator, butterfly insulator, pine insulator, cross arm insulator, rod insulator a me lima insulator.
4. Wahi a ka noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka insulator laina, insulator mana a me ka insulator uila.ʻO ka mana insulator: hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo a hoʻoponopono i ka hāʻawi ʻana i loko a me waho o ka mea kanu mana a me ka substation
ʻO ke kaʻa paʻa o ka mea uila a hoʻokaʻawale i ke kaʻa mai ka honua.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia i ka post insulator a me ka bushing insulator e like me nā hana like ʻole.Insulator uila: hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻāpana lawe o kēia manawa o nā mea uila.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia i post insulator a me bushing insulator.Hoʻohana ʻia nā post insulators e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻāpana lawe o kēia manawa o nā mea uila me ka ʻole o ka pūpū paʻa;Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Bushing insulator e alakaʻi i ka ʻāpana lawe o kēia manawa o nā mea uila me ka pūpū paʻa (e like me ka breaker circuit, transformer, etc.) i waho o ka pūpū.
Line insulator: hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohui i ka hoʻouna ʻana i luna a me nā alakaʻi hoʻoili a me nā pahi maʻalahi o nā mea hoʻolaha waho, a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai ka ʻāpana kumu.Aia ke ʻano nila, ke ʻano kauā, ke ʻano pepeke a me ka lima keʻa porcelain.
5. E like me ka volta lawelawe, ua maheleia i ka haʻahaʻa-voltage (AC 1000 V a ma lalo, DC 1500 V a ma lalo) insulators a kiʻekiʻe-voltage (AC 1000 V a ma luna, DC 1500 V a ma luna) insulators.Ma waena o nā insulators kiʻekiʻe-voltage, aia nā uila kiʻekiʻe loa (AC 330kV a me 500 kV, DC 500 kV) a me ka uila kiʻekiʻe loa (AC 750kV a me 1000 kV, DC 800 kV).
6. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o loko e like me ke kaiapuni lawelawe: ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka insulator i loko o ka hale, a ʻaʻohe umbrella skirt ma ka ʻaoʻao insulator.ʻAno waho: ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka insulator ma waho, a he nui a nui nā umbrella skirts ma ka ʻaoʻao insulator e hoʻonui i ka mamao o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma ka ʻili, a pale i ke kahe o ka wai i nā lā ua, i hiki iā ia ke hana hilinaʻi i ka ʻano ʻino.
7. E like me nā hana like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka insulator maʻamau a me ka insulator antifouling.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā insulators
1. High voltage laina insulator
① Nā mea hoʻokuʻu ʻoʻoleʻa o ka laina uila kiʻekiʻe: e like me nā insulators porcelain type pin, insulators cross arm and butterfly type porcelain insulators.Ke hoʻohana ʻia, hoʻopaʻa pololei ʻia lākou ma ka hale kiaʻi me ko lākou mau wāwae kila a i ʻole nā bolts.
E like me ke ʻano hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā insulators lima keʻa porcelain o nā laina uila kiʻekiʻe i ʻehā mau ʻano: nā ʻano porcelain āpau, ke ʻano i kau ʻia, ke ʻano lima lima a me ke ʻano V;E like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano kūpaʻa a me ke ʻano ākea;E like me ka maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka uila impulse piha piha i ka uila i ʻehā mau pae: 165kv, 185kv, 250kV a me 265kv (ma mua, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka 50% full wave impulse flashover voltage i ʻeono pae: 185kv, 2l0kv, 280kv, 380kv. 450kv a me 6l0kv).Hoʻohana ʻia ka lima keʻa Porcelain i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me nā laina hoʻolaha kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pine a me nā insulators hoʻomaha, a hoʻemi i ka lōʻihi o ka pou a me ka lima kea.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā insulators porcelain Butterfly o nā laina kiʻekiʻe-voltage i 6kV a me l0kV e like me ka volta helu.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka insulating a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā conductors ma luna o ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā laina laina, ka ʻāʻī a me nā pou kihi.I ka manawa like, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia e hui pū me ka line suspension insulator e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana lako.
② Mea hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka laina uila uila kiʻekiʻe: e like me ka insulator porcelain disc suspension, insulator aniani hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ke koʻokoʻo huki porcelain a me ka insulator uea honua.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā insulators porcelain porcelain kiʻekiʻe i ka laina kiʻekiʻe i ke ʻano maʻamau a me ke ʻano kūʻē i ka pollution.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā laina uila uila kiʻekiʻe a me nā laina hoʻoili uila ultra-kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokuʻu ai a i ʻole nā mea alakaʻi tension a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā pou a me nā hale kiaʻi.He kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika mechanical a me ka uila nā insulators hoʻokuʻu.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā pae voltage like ʻole ma o nā hui kaula like ʻole a hoʻokō i nā pono ikaika like ʻole.ʻO lākou ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia.He kūpono ke ʻano maʻamau no nā wahi ʻoihana maʻamau.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā insulators maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā insulators kūpaʻa i ka pollution i ka mamao a me ke ʻano kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe makani a me ka ua.He kūpono lākou no ke kahakai, ka pauka metallurgical, ka pollution kemikala a me nā wahi haumia ʻoihana koʻikoʻi.Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka insulator pale pollution ma nā wahi i luna, hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka hale kiaʻi a loaʻa ka waiwai waiwai nui.
ʻO ke kumu o ke kiʻekiʻe voltage line disc suspension glass insulator he mea like ia me ko ka laina kiʻekiʻe voltage line disc suspension porcelain insulator.Loaʻa i ka insulator aniani nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa hopena mechanical, ke anuanu maikaʻi a me ka hana wela, ke ola lōʻihi o ka lawelawe ʻana, ka hana uila maikaʻi loa a me ka pale uila.I ka wā e pōʻino ai i ka wā o ka hana ʻana, e haki ʻia kāna disc umbrella, maʻalahi ke loaʻa, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka hana o ka ʻike insulation.
High voltage laina porcelain huki lāʻau insulator ua hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o ka terminal kia kia, tension kia a me ke kihi kia o overhead laina mana me ka liʻiliʻi kea-ʻāpana conductor o l0kV a ma lalo e like me ka insulation a me ka hoʻoponopono conductor.Hiki iā ia ke pani i kekahi mau insulators porcelain butterfly a me nā insulators porcelain disc suspension.
③ Nā mea hoʻokaʻawale porcelain ʻano lāʻau no ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopili ma luna o ke kaʻaahi uila.
2. Haʻahaʻa voltage laina insulator
① ʻAno pine, ʻano pepeke a me nā ʻano spool type porcelain insulators no nā laina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: hoʻohana ʻia nā insulators porcelain ʻano pin no nā laina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele i nā laina mana ma lalo o 1KV.Hoʻohana ʻia nā insulators porcelain Butterfly a me nā insulators porcelain spool no nā laina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me nā mea hoʻokele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a paʻa i ka mana lako a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā laina laina, ka ʻāʻī a me nā koʻokoʻo kihi.
② Insulator porcelain Tension no ka laina ma luna: hoʻohana ʻia ia no ke kaupaona ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pou ma nā hopena o ka AC a me DC ma luna o nā laina hoʻolaha a me nā laina kamaʻilio, nā kihi a i ʻole nā pou lōʻihi, i mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka uwea noho haʻahaʻa mai luna. noho uwea.
③ Insulator no ka laina tram: hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he insulation a me ke alakaʻi tensioning no ka laina tram a i ʻole he insulation a me ke kākoʻo no ka ʻāpana conductive ma ka tram a me ke kahua mana.
④ Pin type porcelain insulator no ka laina kamaʻilio: hoʻohana ʻia no ka insulating a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke alakaʻi ma ka laina kamaʻilio ma luna.
⑤ Insulators no ka uwea: me ka pahu insulators, porcelain splints a me porcelain tubes, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka haʻahaʻa-voltage uwea.
3. Kiʻekiʻe uila mana mana insulator
① Kiʻekiʻe Volta i loko o ka pou insulator no ka mana mana: hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke kaʻa uila uila a me ka mea hoʻolaha o ka hale mana o loko a me ka substation me ka mana uila helu helu o 6 ~ 35kV.Ma ke ʻano he kākoʻo insulating no ka ʻāpana conductive voltage kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1000m a ʻo ka mahana ambient - 40 ~ 40 ℃, a pono e hoʻohana ʻia me ka ʻole o ka pollution a me ka condensation.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano pālahalaha i hoʻolālā ʻia ma nā wahi me ke kiʻekiʻe o 3000m a me 5000m.
② ʻO waho o ka pin post insulator: pili ia i ka ʻāpana insulated o nā mea uila a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoili mana me ka AC helu ʻia o 3 ~ 220kV, ambient wela o - 40 ~ + 40 ℃ a puni ka wahi hoʻonohonoho a me ke kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole i oi aku ma mua o 1000m.Hoʻohana ʻia ia e like me ka insulation a me ka conductor paʻa.
③ ʻO ke koʻokoʻo o waho o ka pou insulator: hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea uila uila kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻoili uila kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻoponopono i nā alakaʻi.Ua hoʻololi nui ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā insulators post pin waho.
④ Antifouling outdoor rod post insulator: kūpono no ka paʻakai paʻakai nui o 0.1mg/cm² Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka wahi pollution waena no ka insulation a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mea uila uila kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻoili mana.
⑤ ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka paia voli kiʻekiʻe: ʻo ia hoʻi ka pā ʻana o ka paia o loko, ka pā o waho o ka pā, ka pā kaʻa kaʻa a me ka ʻaila pepa capacitive wall bushing.
⑥ Uila porcelain bushing: me ka transformer porcelain bushing, switch porcelain bushing, transformer porcelain bushing, etc.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka bushing porcelain bushing i ka bushing porcelain bushing a me ka pou porcelain bushing no ka mea hoʻololi mana a me ka transformer hoʻāʻo.Hoʻololi ka porcelain bushing e pili ana i ka porcelain bushing of multi oil circuit breaker, porcelain bushing of low oil circuit breaker, porcelain bushing of load switch, porcelain bushing of explosion-proof switch, porcelain bushing of disconnector, porcelain bushing of ea circuit breaker, etc. hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka insulation o ke alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe-voltage o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka honua a me ka ipu no ka hoʻokaʻawale kaʻa a me ka insulation kūloko.Hoʻohana ʻia ka porcelain bushing o ka transformer ma ke ʻano he insulating element o ka transformer o kēia manawa a me ka transformer voltage.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-24-2021